THIRD SECTION

CASE OF YUDINA AND OTHERS v. RUSSIA

(Application no. 12860/11 and 7 other applications - see appended list)

JUDGMENT

STRASBOURG

6 July 2017

This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision.

In the case of Yudina and Others v. Russia,

The European Court of Human Rights (Third Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:

Luis López Guerra, President, Dmitry Dedov , Jolien Schukking , judges, and Liv Tigerstedt, Acting Deputy Section Registrar,

Having deliberated in private on 15 June 2017,

Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date:

PROCEDURE

1 . The case originated in applications against Russia lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table.

2 . The applications were communicated to the Russian Government (“the Government”).

THE FACTS

3 . The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table.

4 . The applicants complained of the inadequate conditions of their detention . Some applicants also raised other complaints under the provisions of the Convention.

THE LAW

I. JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS

5 . Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment.

II. ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 3 OF THE CONVENTION

6 . The applicants complained principally of the inadequate conditions of their detention. They relied on Article 3 of the Convention, which reads as follows:

“No one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.”

7 . The Court notes that the applicants were kept in detention in poor conditions. The details of the applicants ’ detention are indicated in the appended table. The Court refers to the principles established in its case ‑ law regarding inadequate conditions of detention (see, for instance, Kud Å‚a v. Poland [GC], no. 30210/96, §§ 90 ‑ 94, ECHR 2000 ‑ XI, and Ananyev and Others v. Russia , nos. 42525/07 and 60800/08, §§ 139 ‑ 65, 10 January 2012). It reiterates in particular that extreme lack of space in a prison cell or overcrowding weighs heavily as an aspect to be taken into account for the purpose of establishing whether the impugned detention conditions were “degrading” from the point of view of Article 3 and may disclose a violation, both alone or taken together with other shortcomings (see, amongst many authorities, Karalevičius v. Lithuania , no. 53254/99, §§ 36–40, 7 April 2005).

8 . In the leading case of Sergey Babushkin v. Russia, no. 5993/08, 28 November 2013, the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case (see also Gorbulya v. Russia , no. 31535/09 , 6 March 2014) .

9 . Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion on the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the applicants ’ conditions of detention were inadequate.

10 . These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article 3 of the Convention.

III. REMAINING COMPLAINTS

11 . Some applicants also complained under Article 13 of the Convention, in accordance with the relevant well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table). These co mplaints are not manifestly ill ‑ founded within the meaning of Article 35 § 3 (a) of the Convention, nor are they inadmissible on any other ground. Accordingly, they must be declared admissible. Having examined all the material before it, the Court concludes that they also disclose violations of the Convention in the light of its findings in Sergey Babushkin , cited above, §§ 38-45.

IV . APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONVENTION

12 . Article 41 of the Convention provides:

“If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party.”

13 . Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case ‑ law (see, in particular, Sergey Babushkin v. Russia, (just satisfaction), no. 5993/08, 16 October 2014 , and Mozharov and Others v. Russia, no. 16401/12 and 9 others, 21 March 2017), the Court considers it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table.

14 . The Court considers it appropriate that the default interest rate should be based on the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank, to which should be added three percentage points.

FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT , UNANIMOUSLY,

1. Decides to join the applications;

2. Declares the applications admissible;

3. Holds that these applications disclose a breach of Article 3 of the Convention concerning the inadequate conditions of detention ;

4. Holds that there has been a violation as regards the other complaints raised under well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table);

5. Holds

(a) that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement;

(b) that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points

6. Dismisses the remainder of the applicants ’ claims for just satisfaction.

Done in English, and notified in writing on 6 July 2017, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court.

Liv Tigerstedt Luis López Guerra

Acting Deputy Registrar President

APPENDIX

List of applications raising complaints under Article 3 of the Convention

( inadequate conditions of detention)

No.

Application no. Date of introduction

Applicant name

Date of birth

Representative name and location

Facility

Start and end date

Duration

Number of inmates per brigade

Sq. m. per inmate

Number of toilets per brigade

Specific grievances

Other complaints under well-established case-law

Amount awarded for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage and costs and expenses

per applicant

(in euros) [i]

12860/11

03/12/2014

Yelena Yuryevna Yudina

24/05/1967

IK-14 (ЖХ 285.14) Mordoviya Republic

25/06/2013 to

10/07/2015

2 year(s) and 16 day(s)

27 inmate(s)

0.6 m²

2 toilet(s)

no or restricted access to running water, no or restricted access to toilet, no or restricted access to shower, no or restricted access to warm water

7,000

77799/14

27/01/2015

Nikolay Nikolayevich Tyurin

07/01/1977

IK-56 Lozvinskiy Sverdlovsk Region

27/12/2010

pending

More than 6 year(s) and

4 month(s) and 27 day(s)

no lavatory pan or running water due to absence of centralised water-supply or sewage systems, damp premises due to a bowl of used water of 10 litres under the washstand, a bucket as a lavatory emptied once a day, unpleasant odour of sewage, lavatory and washstand not separated from living area and in view of the guards observing the cell through the peephole in the door, water for drinking and all other needs of inadequate quality from an open water source, no hot water, no ventilation, lack of fresh air and natural light, dim electric light, daily walk of 1.30 hours, small waking yard of 10 sq.m ., a cesspool located near the walking yard spread an unpleasant odour over it, no sport inventory

Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in respect of inadequate conditions of detention.

12,000

51648/15

03/10/2015

Dmitriy Viktorovich Baryshev

11/06/1978

Vinogradov Aleksandr Vladimirovich

Kostroma

IK-1 Kostroma

10/04/2012 to

30/06/2015

3 year(s) and 2 month(s) and 21 day(s)

150 inmate(s)

1.2 m²

unsafe condition of the building – cracks in the walls, damp premises - walls covered with fungus and in winter with ice, infestation with insects and rodents, no sanitary measures by administration, lack of fresh air and natural light, no ventilation, dim electric light, damp and small walking yards surrounded by iron walls of 3 m. high with lack of sunlight and wind plus sewage odour and puddles of water, four pairs of water taps in shower – one pair for 6 and more inmates, low water pressure, inmates infected with tuberculosis, poor quality of food and tableware

Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in respect of inadequate conditions of detention.

5,000

51675/15

03/10/2015

Yevgeniy Aleksandrovich Smirnov

31/08/1979

Vinogradov Aleksandr Vladimirovich

Kostroma

IK-1 Kostroma

26/01/2012 to

21/05/2015

3 year(s) and 3 month(s) and 26 day(s)

150 inmate(s)

1.2 m²

unsafe condition of the building – cracks in the walls, damp premises - walls covered with fungus and in winter with ice, infestation with insects and rodents, no sanitary measures by administration, lack of fresh air and natural light, no ventilation, dim electric light, damp and small walking yards surrounded by iron walls of 3 m. high with lack of sunlight and wind plus sewage odour and puddles of water, four pairs of water taps in shower – one pair for 6 and more inmates, low water pressure, inmates infected with tuberculosis, poor quality of food and tableware

Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in respect of inadequate conditions of detention.

5,000

52102/15

03/10/2015

Aleksey Vladimirovich Yablokov

11/04/1984

Vinogradov Aleksandr Vladimirovich

Kostroma

IK-1 Kostroma

26/02/2014 to

24/04/2015

1 year(s) and 1 month(s) and 30 day(s)

115 inmate(s)

overcrowding – less than 2 sq.m . per inmate, unsafe condition of the building – cracks in the walls, damp premises - walls covered with fungus and in winter with ice, infestation with insects and rodents, no sanitary measures by administration, lack of fresh air and natural light, damp and small walking yards surrounded by iron walls of 3 m. high with lack of sunlight and wind plus sewage odour and puddles of water, poor food quality

Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in respect of inadequate conditions of detention.

5,000

39996/16

07/09/2016

Viktor Ivanovich Yakotsuts

06/08/1977

IK-2 Zabaykalskiy Region

14/04/2014 to

02/08/2016

2 year(s) and 3 month(s) and 20 day(s)

1.7 m²

overcrowding, no or restricted access to shower, poor quality of food, lack of fresh air, sharing cells with inmates infected with contagious disease

Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in respect of inadequate conditions of detention.

5,000

55432/16

02/09/2016

Maksim Pavlovich Maltsev

27/09/1975

IK-29 Kirov Region

28/10/2011

pending

More than 5 year(s) and

6 month(s) and 27 day(s)

90 inmate(s)

1.7 m²

overcrowding, poor quality of food, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, sharing cells with inmates infected with contagious disease, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities

Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in respect of inadequate conditions of detention.

7,300

56142/16

14/09/2016

Dmitriy Sergeyevich Ilyichev

25/09/1983

Prokofyeva Viktoriya Pavlovna

St Petersburg

IK-4 Leningrad Region

13/03/2014 to

17/06/2016

2 year(s) and 3 month(s) and 5 day(s)

170 inmate(s)

1.9 m²

overcrowding, insufficient number of sleeping places, lack of fresh air, no or restricted access to toilet, no or restricted access to shower, lack of or insufficient natural light, poor quality of potable water

Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in respect of inadequate conditions of detention.

5,000

[i] . Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.