SECOND SECTION

DECISION

Application no. 31174/09 Münire DEM İ REL against Turkey

The European Court of Human Rights (Second Section), sitting on 22 September 2020 as a Committee composed of:

Valeriu Griţco , President, Arnfinn Bårdsen , Peeter Roosma, judges, and Hasan Bakırcı, Deputy Section Registrar ,

Having regard to the above application lodged on 21 May 2009,

Having regard to the declaration submitted by the respondent Government on 6 April 2020 requesting the Court to strike the application out of the list of cases and the applicant ’ s reply to that declaration,

Having deliberated, decides as follows:

FACTS AND PROCEDURE

The applicant, Mr Münire Demirel , is a Turkish national, who was born in 1967 and lives in Istanbul. He was represented before the Court by Ms Hanbayat Yeşil and Mr M. A. Kırdök , lawyers practising in Istanbul.

The Turkish Government (“the Government”) were represented by their Agent.

The applicant complained under Article 6 §§ 1 and 2 of the Convention about the unfairness of the criminal proceedings against her on account of the use of evidence allegedly obtained through ill-treatment and in the absence of a lawyer from G.Ç. and S.K. in the course of their police interview and identity parade to convict her.

The application had been communicated to the Government .

THE LAW

After the failure of attempts to reach a friendly settlement, by a letter of 6 April 2020 the Government informed the Court that they proposed to make a unilateral declaration with a view to resolving the issue raised by the application. They further requested the Court to strike the application out of its list of cases in accordance with Article 37 of the Convention.

The declaration provided as follows:

“The Government of Turkey acknowledge that in the present case there has been a violation of the applicant ’ s rights under Articles 6 §§ 1 and 2 of the Convention in the light of the well-established case-law of the Court.

The Government also recalls that Law no.4928 on 15 July 2003 repealed the provision concerning the systemic restriction on the right of access to a lawyer.

The Government further emphasizes that Article 311 § 1 (f) of the Code on Criminal Procedure, as amended by Law no. 7145 of 31 July 2018, now requires reopening of criminal proceedings in cases where the European Court of Human Rights decides to strike an application out of its list of cases following a friendly settlement or a unilateral declaration. The Government considers that the aforementioned remedy is capable of providing redress in respect of the applicant ’ s complaints under Article 6 of the Convention.

The Government thus offer to pay the applicant Münire Dem i rel , EUR 2,250 (two thousand two hundred and fifty euros) to cover any pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage as well as costs and expenses, plus any tax that may chargeable to the applicant with a view to resolving the above-mentioned case pending before the European Court of Human Rights.

This sum will be converted into Turkish liras at the rate applicable on the date of payment, and will be payable within three months from the date of notification of the decision by the Court pursuant to Article 37 § 1 of the European Convention on Human Rights. In the event of failure to pay this sum within the said three-month period, the Government undertake to pay simple interest on it, from expiry of that period until settlement, at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points. This payment will constitute the final resolution of the case before the European Court of Human Rights.”

By a letter of 1 June 2020, the applicant the applicant ’ s lawyer rejected the Government ’ s unilateral declaration considering that the domestic courts ’ approach following the Court ’ s strike-out decisions had given rise to practices incompatible with the right to a fair trial. Arguing that the Court ’ s strike-out decisions, which, according to her, contain no reasons, offered no real prospect of success, the applicant ’ s lawyer expressed the view that they had no interest in being part of that practice.

The Court re iterates that Article 37 of the Convention provides that it may at any stage of the proceedings decide to strike an application out of its list of cases where the circumstances lead to one of the conclusions specified, under (a), (b) or (c) of paragraph 1 of that Article. Article 37 § 1 (c) enables the Court in particular to strike a case out of its list if:

“ for any other reason established by the Court, it is no longer justified to continue the examination of the application”.

It also reiterates that in certain circumstances, it may strike out an application under Article 37 § 1 (c) on the basis of a unilateral declaration by a respondent Government even if the applicant wishes the examination of the case to be continued.

To this end, the Court has examined the declaration in the light of the principles emerging from its case-law, in particular the Tahsin Acar judgment ( Tahsin Acar v. Turkey (preliminary objections) [GC], no. 26307/95, §§ 75-77, ECHR 2003-VI; WAZA Sp. z o.o . v. Poland ( dec. ), no. 11602/02, 26 June 2007; and Sulwińska v. Poland ( dec. ), no. 28953/03, 18 September 2007).

The Court has established in a number of cases, including those brought against Turkey, its practice concerning complaints about the violation of the right to a fair trial on account of the u se of statements made by the co ‑ accused in the absence of a lawyer and under alleged duress to convict the applicants (see in respect of use of evidence obtained from the third parties, including codefendants, under alleged duress, Kormev v. Bulgaria , no. 39014/12, §§ 89 ‑ 90, 5 October 2017; Kaçiu and Kotorri v. Albania , nos. 33192/07 and 33194/07, § 128, 25 June 2013; and Huseyn and Others v. Azerbaijan , nos. 35485/05 and 3 others, §§ 202-213, 26 July 2011; see in respect of use of evidence obtained from co-accused in the absence of a lawyer, Ömer Güner v. Turkey , no. 28338/07, §§ 37-41, 4 September 2018).

The Court would further like to draw attention to the fact that on 31 July 2018 the Turkish Law No. 7145 entered into force. Articles 4, 17, 18 and 19 of this new law provide for a right to request the reopening of domestic court proceedings or the investigation following the Court ’ s decision to strike out a case on the basis of a friendly settlement or unilateral declaration. According to the Court ’ s case-law and practice, the reopening of the domestic proceedings is the most appropriate way to provide an effective solution to an alleged breach. In this connection, bearing in mind the Court ’ s subsidiary role in protecting the rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Convention and its protocols, it is recalled that it falls in the first place to the national authorities to redress any violation of the Convention.

Having regard to the nature of the admissions contained in the Government ’ s declaration, as well as the amount of compensation proposed – which is consistent with the amounts awarded in similar cases – the Court considers that it is no longer justified to continue the examination of the application (Article 37 § 1 (c)).

Moreover, in light of the above considerations, and in particular given the clear and extensive case-law on the topic, the Court is satisfied that respect for human rights as defined in the Convention and the Protocols thereto does not require it to continue the examination of the application (Article 37 § 1 in fine ). That decision is without prejudice to the possibility for the applicant to exercise any other available remedies in order to obtain redress (see Jeronovičs v. Latvia [GC], no. 44898/10, §§ 116-118, 5 July 2016).

Finally, the Court emphasises that, should the Government fail to comply with the terms of their unilateral declaration, the application could be restored to the list in accordance with Article 37 § 2 of the Convention ( Josipović v. Serbia ( dec. ), no. 18369/07, 4 March 2008).

In view of the above, it is appropriate to strike the case out of the list .

For these reasons, the Court, unanimously,

Takes note of the terms of the respondent Government ’ s declaration under Article 6 §§ 1 and 2 of the Convention and of the modalities for ensuring compliance with the undertakings referred to therein;

Decides to strike the application out of its list of cases in accordance with Article 37 § 1 (c) of the Convention.

Done in English and notified in writing on 15 October 2020 .

Hasan Bakırcı Valeriu Griţco Deputy Registrar President