CASE OF KUSHTAYEV AND OTHERS v. RUSSIA
Doc ref: 24326/18, 37646/18, 38962/18, 39066/18, 39070/18, 40393/18, 40573/18, 41191/18, 41307/18, 41309/18, ... • ECHR ID: 001-229151
Document date: November 30, 2023
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FIRST SECTION
CASE OF KUSHTAYEV AND OTHERS v. RUSSIA
(Applications nos. 24326/18 and 37 others –
see appended list)
JUDGMENT
STRASBOURG
30 November 2023
This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision.
In the case of Kushtayev and Others v. Russia,
The European Court of Human Rights (First Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:
Péter Paczolay , President , Gilberto Felici, Raffaele Sabato , judges ,
and Viktoriya Maradudina, Acting Deputy Section Registrar,
Having deliberated in private on 9 November 2023,
Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date:
PROCEDURE
1. The case originated in applications against Russia lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Conventionâ€) on the various dates indicated in the appended table.
2. The Russian Government (“the Governmentâ€) were given notice of the applications.
THE FACTS
3. The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table.
4. The applicants complained of the disproportionate measures taken against them as organisers or participants of public assemblies. They also raised other complaints under the provisions of the Convention.
THE LAW
5. Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment.
6. The Court observes that the facts giving rise to the alleged violations of the Convention occurred prior to 16 September 2022, the date on which the Russian Federation ceased to be a party to the Convention. The Court therefore decides that it has jurisdiction to examine the present applications (see Fedotova and Others v. Russia [GC], nos. 40792/10 and 2 others, §§ 68 ‑ 73, 17 January 2023).
7. The applicants complained principally of disproportionate measures taken against them as organisers or participants of public assemblies, namely their arrest in relation to the dispersal of these assemblies and their conviction for administrative offences. They relied, expressly or in substance, on Article 11 of the Convention.
8. The Court refers to the principles established in its case-law regarding freedom of assembly (see KudreviÄius and Others v. Lithuania [GC], no. 37553/05, ECHR 2015, with further references) and proportionality of interference with it (see Oya Ataman v. Turkey , no. 74552/01, ECHR 2006 ‑ XIV, and Hyde Park and Others v. Moldova , no. 33482/06, 31 March 2009).
9. In the leading cases of Frumkin v. Russia, no. 74568/12, ECHR 2016 (extracts), Navalnyy and Yashin v. Russia, no. 76204/11, 4 December 2014 and Kasparov and Others v. Russia, no. 21613/07, 3 October 2013, the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case.
10. Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion as to the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the interferences with the applicants’ freedom of assembly were not “necessary in a democratic societyâ€.
11 . These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article 11 of the Convention.
12. Some applicants submitted other complaints which also raised issues under the Convention and its Protocols, given the relevant well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table). These complaints are not manifestly ill-founded within the meaning of Article 35 § 3 (a) of the Convention, nor are they inadmissible on any other ground. Accordingly, they must be declared admissible.
13 . Having examined all the material before it, the Court concludes that these complaints also disclose violations of the Convention and its Protocols in the light of its findings in Butkevich v. Russia , no. 5865/07, §§ 63-65, 13 February 2018, Tsvetkova and Others v. Russia , nos. 54381/08 and 5 others, §§ 115-31, 10 April 2018, and Korneyeva v. Russia , no. 72051/17, §§ 34-36, 8 October 2019, as to various aspects of unlawful deprivation of liberty of organisers or participants of public assemblies; Karelin v. Russia , no. 926/08, §§ 58-85, 20 September 2016, concerning the absence of a prosecuting party in the proceedings under the Code of Administrative Offences (the CAO); Martynyuk v. Russia , no. 13764/15, §§ 38-42, 8 October 2019, relating to the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal against the sentence of administrative detention; Korneyeva , cited above, §§ 62-65 as to the right of organisers or participants of public assemblies not to be tried and punished twice for the same offence; and Elvira Dmitriyeva v. Russia , nos. 60921/17 and 7202/18, §§ 77 ‑ 90, 30 April 2019, concerning administrative convictions for making calls to participate in public events.
14. Some applicants raised further additional complaints under Article 6 of the Convention. In view of the findings in paragraphs 11 and 13 above, the Court considers that there is no need to deal separately with these remaining complaints.
15. Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case ‑ law (see in particular Navalnyy and Others v. Russia [Committee], nos. 25809/17 and 14 others, § 22, 4 October 2022), the Court finds it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table.
FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY,
(a) that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement;
(b) that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points.
Done in English, and notified in writing on 30 November 2023, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court.
Viktoriya Maradudina Péter Paczolay
Acting Deputy Registrar President
APPENDIX
List of applications raising complaints under Article 11 of the Convention
(disproportionate measures against organisers and participants of public assemblies)
No.
Application no.
Date of introduction
Applicant’s name
Year of birth
Representative’s name and location
Name of the public event
Location
Date
Administrative offence
Penalty
Final domestic decision
Court Name
Date
Other complaints under well-established case-law
Amount awarded for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage and costs and expenses per applicant
(in euros) [1]
24326/18
08/05/2018
Taskali Kaliyevich KUSHTAYEV
1961Yelanchik Oleg Aleksandrovich
Moscow
Protest rally
Moscow
05/11/2017
Article 19.3 § 1 of CAO
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
15 days of detention
fine of RUB 10,000
Moscow City Court
08/11/2017
Moscow City Court
16/04/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 05-07/11/2017 the applicant remained in detention after an offence report had been compiled;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in both sets of the administrative-offence proceedings;
Prot. 7 Art. 4 - right not to be tried or punished twice in criminal proceedings - overlap of the facts constituting the basis for the applicant’s prosecution and punishment in the second set of the proceedings with substantially the same facts underlying his conviction in the first set of the proceedings
5,000
37646/18
26/07/2018
Maksim Aleksandrovich ZHILIN
1978Pershakova Yelena Yuryevna
Moscow
Rally to support A. Navalnyy
Perm
07/10/2017
Article 20.2 § 2 of CAO
fine of RUB 20,000
Perm Regional Court
26/01/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 07-09/10/2017 escorting to and detention in a police station for and after compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;
Art. 10 (1) - conviction for making calls to participate in public events (final decision on 26/01/2018 by Perm Regional Court)
4,000
38962/18
07/08/2018
Vladimir Sergeyevich ASTAFYEV
1994Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Volgograd
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Volgograd Regional Court
07/02/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
4,000
39066/18
07/08/2018
Vladislav Dmitriyevich ZHUKOV
1998Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Volgograd
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Volgograd Regional Court
07/02/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
4,000
39070/18
07/08/2018
Artemiy Sergeyevich KOROLEV
1999Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Volgograd
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Volgograd Regional Court
07/02/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
4,000
40393/18
14/08/2018
Anastasiya Andreyevna ANDREYEVA
1995Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Volgograd
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 1 of CAO
fine of RUB 20,000
Volgograd Regional Court
21/02/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
4,000
40573/18
18/07/2018
Yegor Olegovich RYABCHENKO
1998Peredruk Aleksandr Dmitriyevich
St Petersburg
"Voters’ Strike" rally
St Petersburg
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
St Petersburg City Court
19/04/2018
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
3,500
41191/18
20/08/2018
Vladimir Mikhaylovich KRUGLYAKOV
1988Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Volgograd
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Volgograd Regional Court
27/02/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
4,000
41307/18
14/08/2018
Salavat Shamgunovich SABIROV
1974Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Volgograd
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Volgograd Regional Court
21/02/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
4,000
41309/18
14/08/2018
Roman Olegovich ZAYTSEV
1989Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Volgograd
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 1 of CAO
fine of RUB 20,000
Volgograd Regional Court
21/02/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station from compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
4,000
42033/18
20/08/2018
Vladimir Stepanovich TELPUK
1966Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Volgograd
28/01/2018
Rally to support A. Navalnyy
Volgograd
31/01/2021
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
fine of RUB 10,000
Volgograd Regional Court
27/02/2018
Volgograd Regional Court
10/03/2021
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 and 31/01/2021 escorting to and detention in a police station for and after compiling offence reports;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in two sets of the administrative-offence proceedings
5,000
42034/18
20/08/2018
Yelena Viktorovna SHEINA
1963Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Volgograd
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Volgograd Regional Court
27/02/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report
4,000
42073/18
24/05/2018
Aleksandr Valeryevich KOLODKA
1998Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Volgograd
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Volgograd Regional Court
01/03/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
4,000
42829/18
24/08/2018
Tatyana Alekseyevna KHOKHLOVA
1957Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Volgograd
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 5,000
Volgograd Regional Court
01/03/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
4,000
43204/18
28/08/2018
Sergey Viktorovich LYAKHOV
2000Benyash Mikhail Mikhaylovich
Sochi
Rally to support A. Navalnyy
Krasnodar
07/10/2017
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Krasnodar Regional Court
28/03/2018
3,500
43426/18
27/08/2018
Alena Nikolayevna KORNILKOVA
2000Pershakova Yelena Yuryevna
Moscow
Rally to support A. Navalnyy
Perm
07/10/2017
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 5,000
Perm Regional Court
27/02/2018
3,500
43942/18
05/09/2018
Mariya Mikhaylovna YEVTYUNINA
1998Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Volgograd
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Volgograd Regional Court
14/03/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
4,000
44286/18
03/09/2018
Vladimir Albertovich IVAKHNENKO
1973Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
Rally to support A. Navalnyy
Rostov-on-Don
24/12/2017
Article 20.2
§ 6.1 of CAO
fine of RUB 15,000
Rostov Regional Court
13/03/2018
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
3,500
44294/18
04/09/2018
Galina Alekseyevna ZABOLOTNEVA
1970Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Volgograd
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Volgograd Regional Court
14/03/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
4,000
44689/18
13/09/2018
Konstantin Sergeyevich DNEPROV
1978Kholodtsova Inna Vadimovna
Moscow
Protest rally
Moscow
04/11/2017
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 15,000
Moscow City Court
14/03/2018
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
3,500
45221/18
14/09/2018
Nikita Aleksandrovich VYSHKVARKA
1996Yatsenko Irina Aleksandrovna
Moscow
Anticorruption rally
Moscow
12/06/2017
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 20,000
Moscow City Court
14/03/2018
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
3,500
45675/18
19/09/2018
Ivan Gennadyevich SMIRNOV
1990Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Volgograd
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Volgograd Regional Court
21/03/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
4,000
45858/18
16/09/2018
Irina Ivanovna STRUBINA
1963Yatsenko Irina Aleksandrovna
Moscow
Protest rally
Moscow
05/11/2017
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 15,000
Moscow City Court
16/03/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 05/11/2017 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
4,000
45906/18
12/09/2018
Marina Frankovna NATAPOVA
1955Prikhodina Yelizaveta Aleksandrovna
Moscow
Rally for freedom to political prisoners
Moscow
30/06/2017
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 5,000
Moscow City Court
30/03/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 30/06/2017 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
4,000
46176/18
21/09/2018
Sergey Vladimirovich GALENKO
1977Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Moscow
28/01/2018
Article 19.3 § 1 of CAO
7 days of detention
Moscow City Court
22/03/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention – on 28-29/01/2018 detention in a police station after compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;
Art. 6 (1) - and Art. 6 (3) (d) - unfair trial in view of restrictions on the right to examine witnesses - the right to examine police officers whose pre-trial statements or reports were used for convicting the applicant
5,000
46401/18
21/09/2018
Polina Aleksandrovna SIDELNIKOVA
1981Valiulin Sergey Aleksandrovich
Vladivostok
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Vladivostok
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Primorye Regional Court
18/04/2018
3,500
46911/18
12/09/2018
Alisa Georgiyevna BORTNIK
1996Pershakova Yelena Yuryevna
Moscow
Anticorruption rally
Perm
07/10/2017
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
20 hours of community work
Perm Regional Court
12/03/2018
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
3,500
46939/18
19/09/2018
Timur Ramilyevich ISANBAYEV
1999Chernyavskaya Andzhelika Viktorovna
Oktyabrskiy
Rally to support A. Navalnyy
Novosibirsk
30/09/2017
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 5,000
Novosibirsk Regional Court
20/03/2018
3,500
47025/18
25/09/2018
Irina Vladimirovna KHOMYAKOVA
1997Zubarev Dmitriy Vladimirovich
Vladivostok
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Vladivostok
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Primorye Regional Court
12/03/2018
(received not earlier than 25/03/2018)
3,500
47195/18
29/09/2018
Aleksandr Dmitriyevich YANTURAYEV
1971Glukhov Aleksey Vladimirovich
Novocheboksarsk
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Ufa
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Supreme Court of the Bashkortostan Republic
02/04/2018
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
3,500
48410/18
01/10/2018
Sergey Pavlovich DERKACHEV
1992Zubarev Dmitriy Vladimirovich
Vladivostok
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Vladivostok
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Primorye Regional Court
02/04/2018
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
3,500
48893/18
05/10/2018
Aleksandr Nikolayevich KHOTS
1957Vlasov Aleksey Valeryevich
Tula
"Voters’ Strike" rally
Tula
28/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Tula Regional Court
04/04/2018
(received not earlier than 12/04/2018)
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
4,000
49691/18
12/10/2018
Dmitriy Stanislavovich LAZAREV
1963Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Protest rally
Moscow
08/10/2017
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Moscow City Court
12/04/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 08/10/2017 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
4,000
49975/18
11/10/2018
Nadezhda Anatolyevna KOKOYEVA
1994Glukhov Aleksey Vladimirovich
Novocheboksarsk
Opposition rally
Moscow
22/01/2018
Article 20.2 § 8 of CAO
fine of RUB 300,000
Moscow City Court
12/04/2018
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
7,400
49977/18
10/10/2018
Mark Yuryevich TUMANOV
1972Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
Opposition rally
Voronezh
05/05/2018
Article 19.3 § 1 of CAO
5 days of detention
Voronezh Regional Court
18/06/2018
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 05-06/05/2018 detention in a police station for and after compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
5,000
50032/18
10/10/2018
Irina Georgiyevna SOTNIKOVA
1953Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
Opposition rally
Voronezh
05/05/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 5,000
Voronezh Regional Court
19/06/2018
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
3,500
50051/18
10/10/2018
Mstislav Igorevich PISMENKOV
1991Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
Opposition rally
Tyumen
05/05/2018
Article 20.2 § 8 of CAO
fine of RUB 200,000
Tyumen Regional Court
06/06/2018
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
6,200
50053/18
10/10/2018
Artem Alekseyevich MAKHONOV
1993Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich
Vilnius
Opposition rally
Voronezh
05/05/2018
Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Voronezh Regional Court
04/06/2018
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
3,500
[1] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.
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