M.S. v. SWEDENDISSENTING OPINION OF MRS. G.H. THUNE,
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Document date: April 11, 1996
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DISSENTING OPINION OF MRS. G.H. THUNE,
MM. J. MUCHA AND D. SVÁBY
We have voted in favour of finding a violation also of Article 6
para. 1.
Having found, like the majority of the Commission, that the
applicant on arguable grounds can claim a right to confidentiality of
the information in question in Sweden, we consider Article 6 to be
applicable in the present case.
A procedure satisfying the requirements of Article 6 is thus
called for. We have reached the conclusion that the applicant did not
have at her disposal such a procedure.
We note in particular that the availability of the existing
remedies - criminal prosecution by the aggrieved person against the
physician and action for damages - depends on the aggrieved individual
being informed that certain information has been forwarded to the
Social Insurance Office. There is, however, no obligation under Swedish
law to notify such a person of the disclosure of information. Thus,
notwithstanding the fact that the applicant in the present case,
through her own action, learned about the disclosure, we consider that
these remedies, as such, cannot be considered as effective in disputes
such as the present one. In the circumstances of the present case, they
further fail to meet the requirements of Article 6 para. 1 for the
following reasons.
Some medical records forwarded by the women's clinic contained
information concerning the applicant's abortion and was thus of a very
private and sensitive nature. Moreover, the clinic's decision to
forward the records to the Social Insurance Office had immediate and
irreversible effects on the applicant's alleged right to
confidentiality of that sensitive information. The obvious reason for
having this decision reviewed by a court was to obtain the court's
finding that it was not necessary in the circumstances to forward the
information to the Office and that the information should thus be kept
confidential by the clinic. Thus, a remedy available only after the
information had been disclosed to the Office could not effectively
determine the applicant's alleged right to confidentiality.
We find that the nature of the right at stake required that the
applicant could have the dispute between her and the clinic determined
by a court prior to the disclosure to the Office. The existing remedies
were, however, available to the applicant only after the information
had actually been disclosed.
It is true that the requirement to obtain a court permission
prior to the disclosure of information could, to some extent, delay the
Social Insurance Office's determination of the applicant's compensation
claim. However, there were no interests of third persons or other
circumstances in the present case which required the information in
question to be forwarded immediately. In this connection, it should be
noted that the Office requested information from the women's clinic
more than a year after the applicant had lodged her claim for
compensation and that a further two months lapsed before the Office
took its decision on the claim.
(Or. English)