AS TO THE ADMISSIBILITY OF

                      Application No. 26244/95

                      by BONUM Realitätenverwertung GmbH

                      against Austria

     The European Commission of Human Rights (First Chamber) sitting

in private on 10 September 1997, the following members being present:

           Mrs.  J. LIDDY, President

           MM.   M.P. PELLONPÄÄ

                 E. BUSUTTIL

                 A. WEITZEL

                 C.L. ROZAKIS

                 L. LOUCAIDES

                 B. MARXER

                 B. CONFORTI

                 N. BRATZA

                 I. BÉKÉS

                 G. RESS

                 A. PERENIC

                 C. BÎRSAN

                 K. HERNDL

           Mrs.  M. HION

           Mr.   R. NICOLINI

           Mrs.  M.F. BUQUICCHIO, Secretary to the Chamber

     Having regard to Article 25 of the Convention for the Protection

of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms;

     Having regard to the application introduced on 22 November 1994

by BONUM Realitätenverwertung GmbH against Austria and registered on

19 January 1995 under file No. 26244/95;

     Having regard to:

-    the reports provided for in Rule 47 of the Rules of Procedure of

the Commission;

-    the observations submitted by the respondent Government on

12 December 1996 and the observations in reply submitted by the

applicant on 21 January 1997;

     Having deliberated;

     Decides as follows:

THE FACTS

     The applicant is a limited liability company in liquidation,

which was located in Vienna. In the proceedings before the Commission

it is represented by Mr. F. Insam, a lawyer practising in Graz.

     The facts of the case, as submitted by the parties, may be

summarised as follows.

     On 13 May 1988, the applicant company as first plaintiff and

Mrs. D. Insam as second plaintiff lodged an action with the Vienna

Commercial Court (Handelsgericht) against the company's three former

managing directors, claiming payment of damages. The applicant company

also claimed recovery (Herausgabe) of various business records. In

these and the subsequent proceedings, the applicant company as well as

the second plaintiff were represented by Mr. F. Insam.

     On 8 February 1990 the Supreme Court (Oberster Gerichtshof) gave

a partial decision dismissing the claims as regards damages. It quashed

the lower instance's decisions relating to the claim for recovery of

business records and referred the case back to the first instance

court. Subsequently, the Vienna Commercial Court issued a decision

relating to the costs against which the second plaintiff appealed.

Moreover, the plaintiff's representative repeatedly requested that the

file be transferred to the Graz Regional Civil Court for inspection.

     On 5 March 1991 the applicant company brought a subsidiary motion

for restoration (Rekonstruktion) of various business records.

     On 3 June 1991 the Vienna Commercial Court dismissed the

applicant company's claim for recovery of business records as well as

its subsidiary motion for restoration. The judgment was given orally.

On 17 June 1991 the applicant company filed an application to fixing

a time-limit under S. 91 of the Court Organisation Act (Gerichts-

organisationsgesetz) for issuing the written version of the judgment.

Following its service, the applicant company lodged an appeal.

     On 5 December 1991 the Vienna Court of Appeal (Oberlandesgericht)

dismissed the applicant company's appeal. As regards the claim for

recovery of business records the Court of Appeal found that business

records were part of a company's property. According to the relevant

provisions of the Civil Code, it was incumbent on the owner to prove

that the defendant had the property at issue in his possession. The

applicant company had failed to furnish such proof.

     As to the subsidiary motion for restoration of the business

records, the Court of Appeal found it established that certain business

records had been handed over by the first defendant to the third

defendant and by the latter to the trustee in bankruptcy. In this

respect, the defendants did not have any obligation to restore the

records at issue and the claim had to be dismissed. The defendants had

failed to keep certain other records, but there was no general

obligation of the managing director of a limited liability company to

retroactively restore business records and the company was, thus, only

entitled to claim damages. However, the applicant company had failed

to show that it had suffered any damage. The Commercial Court had,

thus, rightly dismissed the applicant company's claim and its

subsidiary motion.    Further, the Court of Appeal ordered the

applicant company to pay the costs incurred by the defendants as well

as the costs of the proceedings.

     On 23 December 1991 the applicant company lodged a special appeal

on points of law (außerordentliche Revision) as regards the dismissal

of its subsidiary motion for restoration of the business records. It

did not appeal as regards the main claim for recovery of the said

business records.

     On 3 January 1992 the Vienna Commercial Court submitted the

applicant company's appeal as well as the file to the Supreme Court.

According to the Supreme Court's Rules of Procedure the case came

before its Sixth Chamber.

     On 19 February 1992 the Vienna Commercial Court requested the

Supreme Court for a short-term transfer of the file. The file was

needed in order to decide on an appeal (Rekurs) brought by the

applicant company in enforcement proceedings instituted by the

applicant company's former managing directors as regards the costs

awarded to them in the above decision of 5 December 1991.

     On 28 February 1992, the Supreme Court returned the file to the

Vienna Commercial Court. On 8 July 1992 the Vienna Court of Appeal

dismissed the applicant company's appeal in the enforcement

proceedings, whereupon the applicant company, on 29 July 1992, lodged

a further appeal (Revisionsrekurs) with the Supreme Court. In this case

the Third Chamber of the Supreme Court was competent to decide. It

dismissed the applicant company's appeal on 27 August 1992.

Subsequently, on 21 September 1992, the President of the Third Chamber

of the Supreme Court returned the file to the Vienna Commercial Court

requesting it to transfer it to the Graz Regional Civil Court for a

short-term inspection of the file. On 16 October 1992 the latter Court

returned the file to the Vienna Commercial Court.

     On 23 October 1992 the Vienna Commercial Court returned the file

to the Supreme Court.

     On 21 December 1993 the applicant company concluded a settlement

with one of its former managing directors, namely the first defendant.

     On 28 December 1993 the applicant company withdrew its appeal on

points of law as regards the first defendant.

     On 20 October 1994 the Supreme Court rejected the applicant

company's special appeal on points of law. It referred to

S. 502 para. 1 of the Code of Civil Procedure (Zivilprozeßordnung),

according to which an appeal on points of law against a decision of an

appellate court is only admissible if the decision depends on the

solution of a particularly important question of procedural or

substantive law, which applies where the case-law of the Supreme Court

is inconsistent or lacking or where the appellate court's decision

deviates from the case-law of the Supreme Court. In the circumstances

of the case, the Supreme Court found in particular that the applicant

company did not have a claim against the remaining defendants, i.e. the

second and the third defendants, as regards the restoration of certain

business records. As the first defendant had failed to keep the records

at issue, the second and third defendants could reasonably have assumed

that the applicant company did not require them to keep them either,

in particular as no instructions to the contrary had been given.   On

11 November 1994 the Supreme Court's decision was served on the

applicant company.

COMPLAINTS

     The applicant company complains under Article 6 para. 1 of the

Convention that the proceedings relating to its claim against its

former managing directors for recovery and it subsidiary motion for

restoration of business records lasted unreasonably long, in particular

as regards the proceedings before the Supreme Court.

PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE COMMISSION

     The application was introduced on 22 November 1994 and registered

on 19 January 1995.

     On 4 September 1996 the Commission decided to communicate the

application.

     The Government's written observations were submitted on

12 December 1996, after an extension of the time-limit fixed for that

purpose. The applicant replied on 21 January 1997.

THE LAW

     The applicant company complains under Article 6 para. 1

(Art. 6-1) of the Convention that the proceedings relating to its claim

against its former managing directors for recovery and it subsidiary

motion for restoration of business records lasted unreasonably long,

in particular as regards the proceedings before the Supreme Court.

     Article 6 para. 1 (Art. 6-1), so far as relevant, reads as

follows:

     "In the determination of his civil rights and obligations ...,

     everyone is entitled to a ... hearing within a reasonable time

     by [a] ... tribunal ..."

a.   The Government submit that the applicant company cannot claim to

be a victim under Article 25 (Art. 25) of the Convention as regards the

alleged breach of Article 6 (Art. 6). They argue that it appears from

the applicant company's written submissions that the applicant company

in essence complains about the refusal of its claim for damages rather

than about the duration of the proceedings before the Supreme Court.

They allege that the applicant company by lodging the application is

just trying to get some compensation out of the matter.

     Further, the Government argue that, as regards the said claim for

damages against the applicant company's former managing directors, a

partial final decision had already been given by the Supreme Court on

8 February 1990 and that the Commission, on 15 January 1994, has

dismissed application No. 17285/90, brought by D. Insam, the second

plaintiff in the proceedings at issue, as being inadmissible. On the

basis of the above argument, i.e. that the present application relates

in essence to the refusal of the applicant company's claim for damages,

the Government submit that the present application concerns

substantially the same matter as the one already examined by the

Commission and should, therefore, be rejected pursuant to

Article 27 para. 1 (b) (Art. 27-1-b) of the Convention.

     The applicant company did not reply to the above arguments.

     The Commission notes that the applicant company explicitly

complains about the length of the proceedings relating to its claim

against its former managing directors for recovery and its subsidiary

motion for restoration of business records. There are no reasons to

doubt that the applicant company can claim to be a victim within the

meaning of Article 25 (Art. 25) of the Convention of the alleged

violation of Article 6 (Art. 6) of the Convention.

     Further the Commission notes that application No. 17285/90,

though relating to the same set of proceedings, was lodged by a

different applicant, namely D. Insam. Moreover, it related to

complaints under Article 6 (Art. 6) of the Convention about the alleged

unfairness of the proceedings, the lack of a public hearing before the

Supreme Court and the lack of public pronouncement of Supreme Court's

judgment of 8 February 1990 and to a complaint under Article 1 of

Protocol No. 1 (P1-1). It follows that the present petition is not

"substantially the same" within the meaning of Article 27 para. 1 (b)

(Art. 27-1-b) as the matter which has been examined by the Commission

in the above application.

b.   As to the merits of the applicant company's complaint, the

Government submit that the duration of the proceedings before the

Supreme Court can still be regarded as reasonable. They point out that,

on 19 February 1992 the Vienna Commercial Court requested the Supreme

Court for a short-term transfer of the file. It could not be expected

that the competent chamber of the Supreme Court would not have the file

at its disposal for a longer period and, thus, the production of

photocopies was not warranted. Moreover, the Government point out that

the transfer was caused by the applicant company's appeal in related

enforcement proceedings and its subsequent further appeal, which had

to be dealt with by another Chamber of the Supreme Court. Following an

inspection of the file by the Graz Regional Court, it was sent back to

the Supreme Court on 23 October 1992. Thus, the Government argue that

only the period from that date until 20 October 1994 has to be taken

into consideration.

     The Government further submit that the legal question raised by

the applicant company's special appeal on points of law, namely whether

former managing directors are obliged to restore business records which

they did not keep during their term of office, proved to be complex.

Although the appeal was finally rejected on the ground that the

prerequisites of S. 502 para. 1 of the Code of Civil Procedure were not

met, intensive discussions and deliberations preceded. Despite the fact

that in such a case no reasoning is required, the Supreme Court, in its

decision of 20 October 1994 gave a brief outline of the principles

underlying its decision. Finally, the Government claim that the

applicant company itself contributed to the length of the proceedings,

by making extensive use of available remedies and by taking unnecessary

procedural steps, for instance by lodging an application for setting

a time-limit only fourteen days after the Vienna Commercial Court had

given its oral judgment on 3 June 1991.

     The applicant company contests the Government's view. It submits

in particular that the Supreme Court's decision of 20 October 1994

contained no more than four pages. As regards delays caused by the

transfer of the file requested by the Vienna Commercial Court on

19 February 1992, the applicant company argues that the courts would

have been obliged to produce a copy of the file. Further, it submits

that it is for the State to avoid delays which may be caused by the

fact that different Chambers of the Supreme Court are competent to deal

with remedies brought in related proceedings. The applicant company

contests that any delays are imputable to it.

     The Commission finds that the proceedings at issue related to the

recovery of the applicant company's property, namely its business

records, and to related claims resulting from the contractual

relationship between the applicant company and its former managing

directors. Thus, they involved a determination of the applicant

company's "civil rights" within the meaning of Article 6 (Art. 6) of

the Convention, which is, therefore, applicable.

     As regards the period to be taken into consideration, the

Commission notes that the applicant company, in its initial action of

13 May 1988 had claimed damages from its three former managing

directors as well as recovery of the business records at issue. A

partial decision as regards the claim for damages was given on

8 February 1990, whereas the proceedings concerning the claim for

recovery of business records continued. On 5 March 1991 the applicant

company lodged a subsidiary motion for restoration of the business

records. It was only this issue which was still at issue in the

applicant company's special appeal on points of law submitted to the

Supreme Court on 3 January 1992. The Supreme Court gave its decision

on 20 October 1994, which was served on the applicant company on

11 November 1994.

     The proceedings, therefore, lasted from 13 May 1988 until

11 November 1994, i.e. altogether six and a half years. However, the

subsidiary motion for restoration of the business records which was

still at issue before the Supreme Court had only been introduced on

5 March 1991. In this regard the proceedings lasted three years and

eight months.

     The Commission recalls that the reasonableness of the length of

proceedings is to be determined with reference to the criteria laid

down in the Court's case-law and in the light of the circumstances of

the case, which in this instance call for an overall assessment (see

Eur. Court HR, Cesarini v. Italy judgment of 12 October 1992, Series A

no. 245-B, p. 26, para. 17).

     The Commission finds that the present case was of a certain

complexity. Two plaintiffs and three defendants were involved. The

proceedings initially also related to a claim for damages which was

decided upon by a partial decision of the Supreme Court in 1990.

Moreover, the legal question raised by the applicant company's

subsidiary motion, namely to what extent former managing directors of

a limited liability company are obliged to restore business records,

which was still at issue in the second set of proceedings before the

Supreme Court appears to have been rather unusual and difficult.

     As regards the conduct of the Austrian authorities, the

Commission finds that the proceedings, concerning the remaining issue

of the business records were conducted speedily by the Vienna

Commercial Court and the Vienna Court of Appeal in 1991. The duration

of the proceedings before the Supreme Court, where the case was pending

from 3 January 1992 until 20 October 1994, i.e. for two years and nine

and a half months, may on the face of it appear excessive. At the

beginning of this period a delay between 19 February 1992 and

23 October 1992 was caused by various transfers of the file. However,

as regards the remaining and more substantial period from

23 October 1992 to 20 October 1994, the Commission notes that the

applicant company concluded a settlement with one of its former

managing directors on 21 December 1993 and subsequently withdrew its

appeal on points of law as regards this defendant. This might have

justified some delay in order to see whether the applicant company

would also come to a settlement with the other two defendants.

     Having regard to the circumstances of the case, in particular the

complexity of case and the fact that, after the introduction of the

applicant company's subsidiary claim for restoration of the business

records in March 1991, it was dealt with by three instances within

three years and eight months, the delay that occurred before the

Supreme Court does not appear substantial enough for the total length

of the proceedings to be considered unreasonable.

     It follows that the application is manifestly ill-founded within

the meaning of Article 27 para. 2 (Art. 27-2) of the Convention.

     For these reasons, the Commission, by a majority,

     DECLARES THE APPLICATION INADMISSIBLE.

  M.F. BUQUICCHIO                                 J. LIDDY

     Secretary                                    President

to the First Chamber                         of the First Chamber